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42Evolution

Near Horizons

How did our stable body temperatures evolve?

Neil Armstrong, first man on the moon, works on the Apollo 11 Lunar Module, after a safe landing in the ‘Sea of Tranquility’. This is the only photograph taken of him on the moon’s surface (Image: NASA)

Neil Armstrong, first man on the moon, works on the Apollo 11 Lunar Module, after a safe landing in the ‘Sea of Tranquility’. This is the only photograph taken of him on the moon’s surface (Image: NASA)

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A selection of animals with very different brains. Clockwise from top left; Barn own (Tyto alba), a human (Homo sapiens), a Commissarisi’s Long tongued bat (Glossophaga commissarisi), and a red squirrel (Scirius vulgaris). (All images: Wikimedia commons)

All in the head; what gives us our oddly-shaped brain?

Kangaroo in motion (Image: Wikimedia Commons)

Can kangaroos fly?

Toxoplasma gondii is a microbial parasite often carried by cats, and passed on through contaminated water and faeces. It infects almost all warm blooded animals. In humans this microbe is usually kept in check by the gut microbial community, which out-compete it. However if the gut bacterial community is not functioning normally, toxoplasmolysis may result. In rats and mice, the pathogen can pass into the blood stream and migrate to the brain, where it induces behavioural changes. Infected mice no longer recognise cats (or their odour) as dangerous, which provokes them to put themselves at risk. When a cat eats an infected rat, this spreads the pathogen to a new host. (Image: Wikimedia Commons)

Gut feelings; are microbes in your intestines dictating your mood?

A cat hears a scuffling sound amongst the garbage.  She stands in shadow, all senses poised. A few moments pass;…

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